Noise pollution is an increasingly common problem for homes, businesses, and schools. An acoustic barrier can be a highly effective solution to reduce unwanted noise, creating quieter, private, and secure comfortable environments. In this guide, we’ll cover the essential factors to consider when choosing an acoustic barrier, from the materials and testing standards, to the benefits for homes and businesses.
What is an Acoustic Barrier?
An acoustic barrier is a structure specifically designed to reduce noise transmission from one area to another. Unlike standard fencing, which may provide some visual privacy but little sound reduction, a true acoustic barrier is constructed to absorb or deflect sound waves, preventing them from travelling into surrounding areas. These barriers are commonly used along roads, railways, industrial sites, and residential properties to mitigate noise pollution effectively.
Types of Acoustic Barriers
There are several types of acoustic barriers available such as the materials below, each with different levels of performance and aesthetics:
1. Timber Acoustic Barriers
Timber is one of the most popular materials for acoustic fencing due to its natural appearance, which blends seamlessly into outdoor environments. High-quality timber acoustic barriers are engineered with dense, overlapping boards that prevent gaps where noise could pass through. It’s essential to choose a timber barrier that comes with a long-term guarantee, ideally at least 25 years against rot and insect attack, to ensure durability and performance over time.
2. Metal Acoustic Barriers
Metal barriers, often made from aluminium or steel, provide excellent sound insulation but can appear industrial and may not be suitable for residential or aesthetically sensitive areas. These are commonly used in commercial and infrastructure projects where durability is a key concern.
3. Concrete and Composite Barriers
Concrete and composite barriers offer high levels of noise reduction and are commonly used beside roads and industrial site. However, they can be costly, difficult to install, and visually unappealing in certain settings.
Other materials include acrylic, brick, and earth bunds.
Why Timber Acoustic Barriers are Recommended
While all acoustic barriers serve the same fundamental purpose, timber remains one of the best options due to its combination of aesthetic appeal, durability, and noise-reducing properties. Unlike concrete or metal barriers, timber acoustic barriers offer a natural look that enhances rather than detracts from its surroundings. Additionally, high-quality timber barriers that come with a 25-year guarantee against rot and insect attack provide long-lasting performance with minimal maintenance.
Common Applications
Acoustic fencing is commonly installed in schools to reduce noise on both sides of the fence, next to roads and railways, around supermarkets and fast food drive thrus, and even high security sites like data centres.
Acoustic Barriers for Homes
Installing an acoustic barrier around your home can significantly reduce external noise from roads, neighbours, or nearby commercial activity. This can lead to a more peaceful outdoor space and a better quality of life indoors. Additionally, a high-quality acoustic barrier can enhance privacy and add value to your property.
Acoustic Barriers for Businesses
Businesses, especially those in noisy industrial or retail sectors, can benefit greatly from installing acoustic barriers. These structures help to minimise noise pollution affecting neighbouring properties and can ensure compliance with local noise regulations. In commercial settings such as hotels or office spaces, reducing external noise can improve customer satisfaction and employee productivity.
Choosing an Acoustic Barrier That’s Properly Tested
One of the most important factors when selecting an acoustic barrier is to ensure it has been independently tested for noise reduction. Some standard garden fences may claim to be ‘soundproof’ but lack the structural integrity and certification to provide real acoustic performance. Here’s how to verify an acoustic barrier’s quality:
What to Look for in an Acoustic Barrier
When selecting an acoustic barrier, several key factors influence its effectiveness:
1. Surface Mass Density
The density of the barrier plays a crucial role in its ability to block sound. A higher surface mass density (measured in kg/m²) is more effective at preventing sound transmission. Heavy, solid materials such as dense timber work best for noise reduction.
2. Height of the Barrier
The height of an acoustic barrier is critical in blocking sound waves. A taller barrier will prevent more sound from reaching the receiver, as noise generally travels in straight lines. Ideally, the barrier should be tall enough to obstruct the line of sight between the noise source and the area being protected.
3. Distance from Noise Source and Receiver
The placement of the barrier relative to the noise source and the receiver significantly impacts its performance. The closer the barrier is to the noise source, the better it will be at intercepting and reflecting sound waves before they spread. Proper positioning can maximise noise reduction; always use an acoustic consultant when planning an acoustic barrier installation.
4. Barrier Design and Gaps
For optimal effectiveness, an acoustic barrier should be designed without gaps or openings, as even small gaps can allow significant noise to pass through. Overlapping or interlocking panel designs ensure minimal sound leakage.
5. Absorptive vs. Reflective Barriers
Some acoustic barriers are designed to absorb sound rather than reflect it. Absorptive barriers, often made with specialised materials, reduce noise levels by preventing sound waves from bouncing back into the environment. These can be particularly useful in urban settings where reducing reflected noise is important.
Importance of UKCA Marking for Roadside Barriers
If you are installing an acoustic barrier near a road, it is crucial to ensure that it is UKCA marked as a whole system. This certification guarantees that the barrier meets strict safety and performance standards set out by UK regulations. Some fencing products may claim to offer noise reduction, but unless they are certified as a complete system, they may not be legally compliant for roadside use. Always check that the entire barrier system – not just the individual panels – is tested and certified.
Investing in an acoustic barrier is a significant decision, whether for a home or business. To ensure you get the best results, prioritise a system that is fully tested, UKCA-marked (for roadside applications), and backed by a long guarantee. Timber remains an excellent choice due to its natural appearance, durability, and effective noise-reducing properties. By choosing the right acoustic barrier, you can create a quieter, more peaceful environment while also enhancing the value and security of your property.
